Comparison of Head Space Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Hydro-distillation (HD) Techniques in Determination of Essential Oils in Fritillaria imperialis

Background: Fritillaria imperialis is an endangered species with pharmaceutical alkaloids that can be effective in reducing blood pressure and reducing cardiac palpitations.   Objective: Comparison of head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) techniques in determination of essential oils in Fritillaria imperialis Methods: Quality and quantity determination of components of extracted essential oils from aerial parts of Fritillaria imperialis by Head space-Solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) techniques using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spctroscopy (GC-MS) method. Results: 24 components (86.61%) were identified in the oil was isolated by hydrodistillation. The major components of oil of F.imperialis were α-Bisabolol oxide A (28.2%), Camphor (12.86%), Chamazulene (11.8%), Trans-Thujone (10.9%), α-Bisabolone oxide A (10.3%), δ-3-Carene (6.9%) and α-Pinene (5.65%). 21 components (94.93%) were characterized in the oil which was obtained by Head space-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The major components of the oil were α-Bisabolol oxide A (35.2%), Camphor (9.54%), Chamazulene (18.3%), Trans-Thujone (7.89%), α-Bisabolone oxide A (11.8%), δ-3-Carene (6.5%) and α-Pinene (5.7%).   Conclusion: In both methods (HD & HS-SPME), oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the main components of the oil, whereas hydrocarbon sesquiterpens were trace.